Почему в английском языке существует различие между формами you и you?

in Russian there are two ways to address the person: 1.using pro ”ты” 2.using pro ”Вы”. when u speak with your friend, parent, age-mate, etc it's good to say ”ты”. and ”Вы ” is used to talk to stranger, person who isn't in close relationship with u, it's polite address to person. and if people want to be less formal, they can use a phrase ”давай [перейдем]на ”ты”?” is there anything same in English? when I read different books, translated from English, this construction used to be, but I can't understand, how it is in original in modern English. (I know a little bit about archaic pronoun ”thou” which is the same with ”ты”. is there any difference know?) | HiNative

What's the Difference Between ”You” and ”U”?

How to use ”You” in the English Grammar | LanGeek

You - Wikipedia